There are dynamic relations between the living forms and their physical environment within the environment. The cyclic movements of chemical elements of biosphere between the organism and the ...

The Calvin-Benson cycle assimilates almost all the carbon in plants and is thus among the most important biochemical cycles for life on Earth. It is believed to be self-sufficient in that it ...

The regeneration of a signaling molecule, phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), is not as simple as it was thought to be. Experimental work and mathematical modelling show that the decades-old ...

As travelers crossing time zones know all too well, humans and other organisms have circadian clocks, the biological machinery that controls daily cycles of gene expression and physiology. The ...