This is the first article in a new series on the anatomy and physiology of ageing. The series explores normal age-related changes that occur in the anatomy and physiology of the major organ systems ...

With aging there are changes in the cardiovascular system, which result in alterations in cardiovascular physiology. The changes in cardiovascular physiology must be differentiated from the effects of ...

"My work aims to add to the limited body of high quality research on female athletes and their performance in various hormonal milieus. I will do so by measuring the cardiovascular performance of ...

What diseases can affect the different components of the cardiac system? How do they arise? Find out in this overview of cardiac pathophysiology. Abstract The heart can develop a plethora of diseases ...

Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm). During exercise the heart rate increases so that sufficient blood is taken to the working muscles to provide them with enough nutrients and oxygen. An ...