In 1842, the famous British researcher Michael Faraday made an amazing observation by chance: A thin layer of water forms on the surface of ice, even though it is well below zero degrees. The ...

Spintronics is a field that deals with electronics that exploit the intrinsic spin of electrons and their associated magnetic moment for applications such as quantum computing and memory storage ...

In 2012, NASA landed the rover Curiosity in the Gale crater on Mars because the crater was thought by many scientists to be the site of an ancient lake on Mars more than 3 billion years ago. Since ...

SERS offers a greater signal-to-noise ratio than ordinary Raman spectroscopy, so it is useful in single-molecule detection or detecting analytes in low concentrations. Improvement of the spectroscopic ...