The clock uses a rubidium vapor lamp and a glass cell containing rubidium. A voltage-controlled oscillator excites the cell with a 6.8 GHz signal. Rubidium atoms can exist in three states.

Crystal Overtone and Spurious Modes: Crystals can offer many resonant modes that can be exercised by proper design of crystal oscillator. The major response and mostly desired one is the “Fundamental ...

The most basic parameter for any oscillator is the frequency, which is the repetition rate (cycle) of the signal output from the oscillator. Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), i.e., cycles per ...

Crystal oscillators are incredibly useful components, but they come with one little snag: their oscillation is temperature-dependent. For many applications the relatively small deviation is not a ...

Developed by George C. Lane in the 1950s, the stochastic oscillator is one of a handful of momentum metrics used by analysts and traders to predict potential reversals. Instead of measuring price ...